1. Plan and Mark Out the Patio Area
- Use stakes and string or marking paint to outline the shape.
- Slope the patio away from any structures (about 1 inch every 4-6 feet) for water drainage.
2. Excavate the Area
- Dig down to a depth of 6–10 inches, depending on your materials:
- 4–6″ for gravel base
- 1–2″ for sand
- Plus the thickness of your pavers (usually 2–3″)
- Make sure the bottom is roughly level and consistent.
3. Compact the Subsoil
- Use a plate compactor or hand tamper to compact the soil.
- This helps prevent future settling.
4. Install Landscape Fabric
- Lay fabric across the excavated area to prevent weeds and keep gravel from mixing with soil.
5. Add and Compact the Gravel Base
- Add 4–6 inches of crushed stone or gravel, in layers (2 inches at a time).
- Compact each layer thoroughly with a plate compactor.
- Check slope and level frequently.
6. Add a Layer of Sand
- Add about 1 inch of coarse sand over the compacted gravel.
- Use a screed board (a straight 2×4) and level rails (pipes or boards) to smooth and level the sand.
7. Final Checks Before Laying Pavers
- The surface should be smooth, slightly sloped, and level from side to side.
- Don’t compact the sand once it’s screeded.
